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摘要: 目的：探讨学龄前儿童肾结石成分分析及结石复发相关危险因素，为临床上预防及治疗儿童泌尿系肾结石提供理论参考。方法：回顾性分析收集2012年3月-2017年6月在我院住院并进行手术治疗的181例学龄前儿童患者初发单侧肾结石患者临床资料，分析其结石化学成分，并分析其结石复发危险因素分析。结果：181例学龄前儿童术后随访27~62个月，平均随访时间为49个月，随访期间内有31（31/181，17.12%）例患者出现肾结石复发，结石成分分析示181例患者中含草酸钙成分者、碳酸钙成分者、感染类成分者、尿酸类成分、胱氨酸类成分者分别依次占比为41.44%、25.97%、14.92%、16.02%、1.66%；术前尿白细胞、高钙尿症、高尿酸尿症等指标为结石复发相关危险因素。结论：学龄前儿童泌尿系结石草酸钙为多见，结石成分与术后结石复发无相关性，术前尿白细胞、高钙尿症、高尿酸尿症、肾结石家族史为术后结石复发危险因素，临床应采取针对性的干预措施以降低肾结石复发率。Abstract: Objective: To explore the risk factors of urinary calculi composition and recurrence in preschool children, and to provide theoretical reference for clinical prevention and treatment of urinary calculi in children.Methods: The clinical data of 181 preschool children with primary unilateral renal calculi who were hospitalized and operated in our hospital from March 2012 to June 2017 were collected and analyzed, and the risk factors of stone recurrence were also analyzed.Results: One hundred and eighty-one preschool children were followed up for 27-62 months. The average follow-up time was 49 months. During the follow-up period, 31(31/181, 17.12%) patients had recurrence of kidney stones. The analysis of stone composition showed that the proportion of calcium oxalate, calcium carbonate, infectious, uric acid and cystine in 181 patients were 41.44%, 25.97%, 14.92%, 16.02%, 1.66%, respectively.Conclusion: Calcium oxalate is the most common urinary calculi in preschool children, and there is no correlation between stone composition and postoperative stone recurrence. The risk factors of postoperative stone recurrence are preoperative urinary leucocyte, hypercalciuria, hyperuricemia and family history of renal stone. Therefore, we should take targeted measures in clinical practice to reduce the recurrence rate of renal calculi.
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Key words:
- kidney stone /
- preschool children /
- stone components /
- risk factors
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