Research progress of the relationship between urinary calculi and intestinal microecology
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摘要: 泌尿系结石是最常见的泌尿外科疾病之一，在泌尿外科住院患者中占居首位，并且近年来的发病率正逐年上升。导致尿石形成和复发的危险因素很多，主要与遗传、代谢及环境因素有关，其中以草酸代谢异常导致的草酸钙结石最为常见，随着医学发展，对于泌尿系结石已经形成一套比较完善的诊疗体系，近年来尿石的成因及预防开始引起了越来越多的关注。肠道微生态体系是以肠道正常定植菌群为核心的人体微生态系统，与肥胖、糖尿病、炎性肠病等多种人体疾病有直接关系，目前发现肠道微生物可能在泌尿系结石的发病机制和预防中起作用，其中研究较多的产甲酸草酸杆菌参与人体内草酸的代谢，可能通过“肠道微生态-肾脏”轴参与泌尿系结石的形成。本综述主要阐述泌尿系结石与肠道微生态关系的研究进展，为泌尿系结石的成因及预防提供参考。Abstract: Urinary calculus is one of the most common urological diseases, which occupies the first place among urological inpatients, and its incidence is increasing year by year in recent years. There are many risk factors leading to the formation and recurrence of urolithiasis, which are mainly related to genetic, metabolic and environmental factors, among which calcium oxalate stones caused by abnormal oxalate metabolism are the most common. With the development of medicine, a relatively perfect diagnosis and treatment system has been formed for urinary calculi. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the causes and prevention of urolithiasis. Intestinal micro-ecosystem is a human micro-ecosystem with normal intestinal flora as its core, which is directly related to obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease and other human diseases. At present, it is found that intestinal microbes may play a role in the pathogenesis and prevention of urinary calculi. Among them, the more studied oxalate-producing bacteria are involved in the metabolism of oxalic acid in human body, and may be involved in the formation of urinary calculi through the "intestinal microecology-kidney" axis. This review mainly expounds the research progress of the relationship between urinary calculi and intestinal microecology, and provides reference for the causes and prevention of urinary calculi.
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