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摘要: 输尿管支架管结壳最主要的危险因素是支架管留置时间延长。一部分患者可表现为腹痛、血尿、下尿路症状和感染，另一部分则无明显症状。输尿管支架管结壳的诊治有时会成为泌尿外科医生的一个挑战，目前尚无标准的处理方式。多数临床医师认为可通过影像学检查明确诊断，并通过腹部平片(kidney-ureter-bladder，KUB)分级方法评估患者手术难度，制定个体化治疗方案。主要治疗方法有体外冲击波碎石术(extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy，ESWL)、经尿道输尿管镜碎石取石术(ureteroscopic lithotripsy，URL)、经皮肾镜取石术(percutaneous nephrolithotomy，PCNL)、传统开放手术或腹腔镜手术。Abstract: The most important risk factor in ureteral stent encrustation is prolonged stent retention time. Some patients may present with abdominal pain, hematuria, lower urinary tract symptoms, and infection, while others have no obvious symptoms. The diagnosis and treatment of ureteral stent encrustation is sometimes a challenge for urologists, and there is no standard management method. Most clinicians believe that the diagnosis can be confirmed by imaging examination, and the difficulty of surgery can be evaluated by kidney-ureter-bladder(KUB) grading method to develop an individualized treatment plan. The main treatment methods include extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL), ureteroscopic lithotripsy(URL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL), traditional open surgery or laparoscopic surgery.
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Key words:
- ureteral stent encrustation /
- diagnosis /
- treatment /
- surgery
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