Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical value and efficacy of nephroscope combined with ureteroscope for urethral stricture.Method: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 32 patients of urethral stricture treated with nephroscope combined with ureteroscope. All patients underwent urethrography preoperatively to determine the extent and length of urethral stricture. The position of stricture was found by ureteroscopy (F_8/9.8) under direct vision and the zebra guidewire was put. Then the zebra guidewire was threaded through nephroscope obturator and guided the nephroscope to expand the narrow segment. When the nephroscope couldn't get through, it was expanded step by step using renal fascia dilator (F_12-18). Then the zebra guidewire leaded the nephroscope to expand again. The F_16-18 Foley catheter was indwelled for two weeks. The urethral dilation was taken once a week after extubation till expanding to F_20-22. Whether to continue the expansion after 8-10 times depended on the smooth degree of the urethra.Result: All 32 patients were completed the operation in one time for 18-40 min. There were no bleeding, urinary fever, rectal injury, false passage or other complications. The urination was easy and smooth after catheter was removed and the maximum flow rate was 19-25 ml/s. There was no complication such as incontinence, erectile dysfunction over the follow-up period of 5-12 months. The intermittent expansion was taken for 2-3 months. There was one case who failed to dilate urethral and relapsed after two months. He was dilated urethra again by the nephroscope and the urination was unobstructed. Other patients' urination were easy and smooth.Conclusion: The treatment of urethral stricture by nephroscope combined with ureteroscope is simple, safe and effective.