Abstract: Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of everolimus in the second-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Method:From Jun. 2010 to Dec. 2010, seven patients with mRCC were treated with everolimus, including four males and three females. The average age was 56.5 (range, 40-74) years old. Five of them were intolerant to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeted therapy, and two of them progressed during VEGF targeted therapy. Three patients had previously received sorafenib targeted therapy, and four patients had previously received pazopanib targeted therapy. All seven patients were given everolimus 10 mg daily.Result:Follow-up period was 42-48 months, and median follow-up period was 45.5 months. According to RECIST, six patients (85.71%) achieved stable disease (SD), one patient (14.29%) demonstrated progression disease (PD), and no patient achieved complete response (CR) or partial response(PR). Disease control rate (DCR) was 85.71%. Median progression-free survival was 6.0 months (95%CI:4.4-7.6 months). The most common adverse events were grade 1-2. Grade 3 adverse events included non-infectious pneumonia (one patient), anaemia (one patient), hyperglycaemia (one patient), and elevated GGT (one patient). Grade 4 adverse event was serious anaemia (one patient). Most adverse events were ameliorated by giving the dose adjustment and symptomatic treatment.Conclusion:Everolimus has a better disease control rate in the second-line treatment of patients with mRCC. Most of patients can benefit from the treatment, and drug-related adverse events could be effectively controlled.