Progress of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes-based adoptive cell therapy in bladder cancer
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摘要: 在过去的几十年里，免疫疗法一直是癌症研究的焦点。其中，过继细胞疗法(adoptive cell therapy，ACT)成为治疗各种实体肿瘤的前景，尤其是肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的过继细胞疗法(tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes-adoptive cell therapy，TIL-ACT)。因为肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞可通过不同细胞之间的相互作用影响肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment，TME)，从而影响肿瘤的发生和发展，并直接或间接发挥抗肿瘤作用。如TIL-ACT已经显示出对转移性黑色素瘤具有良好的抗肿瘤效应。目前，TIL-ACT在膀胱癌中逐渐得到广大研究者的关注和喜爱，也有了一些初步进展，如一些动物实验和临床研究均表明TIL-ACT疗法在非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(non-muscle invasive bladder cancer，NMIBC)起到一定的抑制肿瘤发生和发展作用，在肌层浸润膀胱癌和转移性膀胱癌中也起到抑制癌症进展、治疗反应的预测指标作用和预后标志物作用。总之，本文综述了TIL-ACT在膀胱癌的研究进展、挑战和未来的发展方向。Abstract: Over the past few decades, immunotherapy has been a prominent area of focus within the field of cancer research. Among the various forms of immunotherapy, adoptive cell therapy(ACT) has shown some promise in the treatment of a range of solid tumours, especially tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes-adoptive cell therapy(TIL-ACT). It is thought that tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes may be able to affect the tumour microenvironment(TME) through interactions among different cells, which could influence tumour genesis and development and exert anti-tumour effects directly or indirectly. There is evidence to suggest that TIL-ACT is an effective approach to metastatic melanoma. It seems that TIL-ACT is gradually gaining the attention and popularity of researchers in bladder cancer, and some preliminary progress has been made. Some animal experiments and clinical studies indicate that TIL-ACT may play a role in inhibiting tumour development and progression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC), as well as in muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. In addition, it has been demonstrated to predict treatment response and act as a prognostic marker. This paper reviews the advances, challenges and future directions for the development of TIL-ACT in bladder cancer.
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Key words:
- tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes /
- immunotherapy /
- bladder cancer /
- prognosis /
- tumour microenvironment
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