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摘要: 目的：良性的肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤（angiomyolipoma， AML）很少呈现侵犯肾静脉，下腔静脉和心房。报道2例良性肾脏AML并下腔静脉瘤栓，探讨AML的恶性特征及治疗方法。方法：两例患者均行介入下腔静脉滤器置入，并右肾根治性切除和腔静脉瘤栓取出术。结果：术后病理证实为血管平滑肌脂肪瘤。患者术后无不适症状，术后复诊未见肿瘤复发转移。结论：良性的肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤可侵犯肾静脉及下腔静脉，呈现恶性肿瘤特征。鉴于肿瘤栓子进入心脏和肺的风险，应及时手术处理肾AML及下腔静脉栓子。
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